acoustic backscatter: reflection of sound waves back toward the sonar source after hitting the seafloor or an underwater object. The strength of the reflected sound helps determine what the seafloor ...

How do nautical charts help people navigate while on the water? How are nautical charts different from a road map that you might use while driving? What are some examples of hydrographic information ...

Ask ten maritime professionals what they need from a tracking platform and you’ll get ten slightly different answers. A harbour pilot wants centimetre-level clearance data. A charterer wants a fast, ...

One drawback is that nautical charts are often pretty big, perhaps three feet across and two-and-a-half feet from top to bottom. On big ships, navigators use a large chart table to view charts ...